Dead space helment animation10/24/2023 ![]() In first view, this fact is surprising since some of these interfaces have a large internal volume associated with dead space that should not permit successful ventilation. Only WOB and inspiratory muscle effort were slightly less decreased with the helmet, by comparison to the other interfaces but these differences were abolished by a specific ventilator setting. Especially, clinical efficacy was not found different during NIV conducted with interfaces whose volumes very much differed. All these interfaces allow successful non-invasive ventilation. To our knowledge, the efficacy of these different interfaces has essentially been tested in clinical trials or in bench studies based upon the comparison of clinical indexes such as breathing pattern, airway pressure, neuromuscular drive, inspiratory muscle effort, work of breathing (WOB), arterial blood gases and dyspnea. A large variety of interfaces are presently available ranging from the simple nasal or oronasal mask to the helmet recently proposed. ![]() ![]() Mask discomfort, sensation of excessive air pressure, intolerance, skin lesions, leakage and rebreathing have been cited as the most relevant parameters to explain the interface-related failure of NIV. One of the reasons reported in the literature to explain this failure rate is the poor patient tolerance to the NIV interface. The rate of failure for this procedure in acute patients ranges from 7% to 49%. ![]() Nevertheless for various reasons, NIV is not always successful. In an acute setting, NIV reduces the risk of endotracheal intubation and facilitates the weaning process from mechanical ventilation. Over the last two decades, the use of NIV has increased markedly in the treatment of both acute and chronic respiratory failure. Using this technique, pressurized gas is delivered to the airways through one of a variety of interfaces, such as a mouthpiece or a nasal or facial mask. ![]() Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) defines a method of mechanical ventilation that does not require endotracheal intubation. ![]()
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